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As the proposed closure of five public schools in the City of Vancouver in 2010 has been averted, a view from 1928 provides an important and interesting.
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Where to Buy Yellow Phentermine
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As the proposed closure of five public schools in the City of Vancouver in 2010 has been averted, a view from 1928 provides an important and interesting historical context and perspective. In A Plan for the City of Vancouver British Columbia including Point Grey and South Vancouver and a General Plan of the Region, Harland Bartholomew and Associates developed the urban and physical skeleton for Vancouver through the first (and only) attempt to create a complete master plan for the entire City. Hidden within the plan, there was also the issue of which elementary and secondary schools should be “abandoned”.
This map illustrates Bartholomew’s “studies of present and future population and the effect of abandonment or the provision of new facilities”. Based upon a number of planning principles, it showed a vision for the location of primary and secondary schools throughout the city as he prepared for a possible Metro Vancouver population of 1,000,000 people by 1955 – an optimistic projection as Metro Vancouver’s population would not reach 1,000,000 until 1971.
Children in the City were of critical importance for Bartholomew. In the outline of the Recreation Plan, Bartholomew emphasizes the importance of (in order) small children, children of school age, youth (defined by those attending high school or college) and then finally adults. Pragmatically, he saw parks as “a form of insurance against a decline of neighborhood value and attractiveness” and that “these areas themselves rarely ever lose value and they tend to keep property nearby from dropping in value”.
This section also highlights a fundamental belief in the importance of neighborhood schools. For any “square mile of residential territory (8,000-12,000 persons)”, Bartholomew recommended, with input by “qualified educational authorities”, that public elementary schools serve an enrollment between 850 and 1,300 students. “Except as influenced by topographical conditions, it would have been desirable economically and otherwise for the schools to be spaced one mile apart”. Furthermore, “a modern elementary school of this size is incomplete without an adequate playground, serving all the recreational needs of the children of the district”.
School siting and design parameters for this “modern school” included items such as a site of “at least five acres with provision for at least 100 square feet of unobstructed play space per child and no other interest should occupy space in the same block”. Schools should not be located near major streets. Indeed, Bartholomew lamented:
It is unfortunate that so many sites have been located on what are, or what are planned to be major streets. Theoretically, the school might be located in the centre of the rectangle formed by the intersection of major streets. It should be borne in mind for future locations that major streets are not desirable neighborhood for school sites.
In 1928, seven schools- five elementary– Aberdeen, Central, Dawson, Kitsilano, and MacDonald with three high schools – Britannia Annex, Fairview and King George, were slated for “abandonment”. Some of the parameters for closure included: inadequate playground area and location on an arterial and/or business district. Aberdeen Elementary was cited as “located on a major thoroughfare on which commercial development may be expected in the immediate future”. Not on the list, but cited in the paper and located on the corner of Granville and Broadway and ultimately closed, Commercial High School was seen as “retarding desirable business development”.
Based on a brief history of Vancouver schools by Val Hamilton, the final fates of the eight schools slated for abandonment in 1928 were as follows (For a view of how the school sites look like today, click the intersection link for a Google Street View in each entry) :
Fairview located at Broadway and Granville was closed in 1927, but would be redeveloped as the offices of the Vancouver School Board)
Interestingly, MacDonald Elementary located at Hastings and Victoria which survived this 1928 original cut is now (and again) one of the five school candidates slated for closure in 2010.
School closures in the City of Vancouver are not without precedence as both elementary and secondary schools have closed, relocated, and reopened throughout its 125 year history. However, closing schools can have long reaching intended and unintended consequences. Bartholomew reflected an era of planning when downtown was intended to be a citadel of commerce fed by a collection of residential districts. These land uses were meant to be isolated and separate and this, in part, led to the closure of Downtown elementary schools.
More than 80 years later, the current state of elementary schools in Downtown Vancouver lives with the consequences of this decision. Elsie Roy Elementary which opened in 2003 in Downtown Vancouver struggles to meet the overwhelming demands of a thriving population of urban families with children, and yet schools in the inner suburbs of the City of Vancouver, particularly on the East side, face declining enrollment and possible closure. The patterns discovered in previous BTAworks’ inquiries in public elementary school enrollments in the City of Vancouver and regional public and independent school enrollment patterns are as much cumulative products of land use and policy decisions made decades ago as the immediate school choices of parents for their children.
Closing schools is not only about meeting annual budget gaps or declining enrollments. It’s a societal expression of economic and social priorities and visions for our City at a particular time. Like their predecessors before them, the trustees of the Vancouver School Board have the Solomoneque task of balancing the demands of the present with the needs of the future as cities are built not only in the offices of City Hall, but on the play fields of our elementary schools.
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